傑思教室 / Primary 5

註：chopping board = cutting board

圖片來源： “Powering Up: Comprehension Skills and Text Types” 5A, published by Kidz Education

用作副詞時：
‘hard’ 指「努力」
‘hardly’ 指 「難以」(rarely)
‘late’ 指 「遲到」
‘lately’ 指 「最近」（recently)
所以，第一及第二句可以說意思差不多是相反的。

圖片來源： “Grammar Expert” 5A, published by Kidz Education

*以上只有第四題是正確的 ：
1. 沒有 fastly，’fast’ 的副詞也是’fast’
2. 形容 ‘dances’，所以要把 ‘good’ 轉成 ‘well’
3. ‘Keep’ 不帶動作，後面用形容詞 ‘quiet’
4. ‘Feel’ 不帶動作，所以用形容詞 ’sad’ 是正確的
5. ‘Look’ 不帶動作，後面用形容詞 ‘nice’

註：有關 late/lately 和 hard/hardly ，留待下一講

圖片來源： “Grammar Expert” 5A, published by Kidz Education

Method 1: i -> a -> u 🧐
E.g. swim - swam - swum
Method 2: present form + -n/en/ne 🧐
E.g. give - gave - given
Method 3: past form + -n/en/ne 🧐
E.g. tear - tore - torn
Method 4: same as the past form 🧐
E.g. buy - bought - bought
Method 5: unchanged 🧐
E.g. hit - hit - hit
Method 6: special cases* 🧐🧐

所謂特殊例子 (special cases)，就是指不適用於上述任何一個方法，小學生常用的有附圖幾個。只要掌握了這六大方法，小朋友或會發現，原來學perfect tense 又不是太難了！💪💪

圖片來源： “Grammar Weekly” Book 5, published by Kidz Education

Method 1: i -> a -> u 🧐
E.g. swim - swam - swum

Method 2: present form + -n/en/ne ** 🧐
E.g. give - gave - given

Method 3: past form + -n/en** 🧐
E.g. tear - tore - torn

Method 4: same as the past form 🧐
E.g. buy - bought - bought

Method 5: unchanged 🧐
E.g. hit - hit - hit

Method 6: special cases* 🧐🧐

*下講再談 🙋‍♂️🙋‍♀️
**經常使用而在變化時需要用 “double -t” 或 “double -d” 的就是附圖 (1) 那五個，好好記着呀！💪💪

圖片來源：

(1) “Grammar Expert” Book 5A, published by Kidz Education

(2) “Grammar Weekly” Book 5, published by Kidz Education

方法一：i -> a -> u

E.g.
Swim - swam - swum

方法二：動詞現在式 (present form) + -n/en/ne

E.g.
1. Give - gave - given
2. Draw - drew - drawn
3. Eat - are - eaten
4. Go - went - gone
5. *Ride - ride - ridden (double the letter “d”)
6. *Write - wrote - written (double the letter “t”)

圖片來源： “Grammar Weekly” Book 5, published by Kidz Education

表達普通的生氣，可以試試用 ‘I gave him an angry look.’😠，如要表達更強烈的情感，可以用’I saw red.’ 、’I was furious.’ 等。😡😡

多用不同的句子表達同一種心情，能加强寫作效果。

(附表見更多）

圖片來源： “Ace Minds: Writing” Book l” published by Kidz Education (Book I 適合高小程度）

Just, already, yet, before, once, twice, since, for 等表示到目前為止這些事已經發生，通常沒有標示過去實際發生時間*，強調的是與現在的關係，所以用現在完成式（present perfect tense）。

Eg 1. I have been to Ocean Park once.
Eg 2. I went to Ocean Park yesterday.

1. 我到目前為止去過海洋公園一次。
2. 我昨天到海洋公園遊玩。（但我們不知道「我」到目前為止去過海洋公園多少次）

*”since” 雖然有實際時間，如 “I have known John since we were six. “ 但重點不是我在六歲時認識他 （compare: I knew John when we were six.) ，而是與現在的關係，即我從六歲開始至今認識他。🙋‍♀️🙋‍♂️

明白現在完成式的概念，當要學過去完成式 （past perfect tense) 便更易掌握了！👏

圖片來源： “Tenses and Proofreading Elite” Book 5, published by Kidz Education